Doctrine of the Mean was the second one, and it focused on following “the Way” or balance. It explained that acting properly and being “right and natural” is important. It also acknowledged that one can not possibly act properly and be right all of the time, so one should always try to develop their morals (sense of right or wrong). Doctrine of the Mean was a guide for how people should behave in society, and many people followed it in the Song Dynasty. The Analects were Confucius’ teachings and discussions with his students, and it promoted the ideas of filial piety, virtue, and ritual. The Analects also emphasize devotion to learning. The fourth and final book, Mencius, is a collection of conversations Mencius (another philosopher) had with Confucius. Mencius suggests that all humans were born good, but not all humans were born with the instinct to help others in need and they must learn to nurture that instinct. Both the Analects and Mencius were the fine details of how Neo-Confucianism works, and were not as prevalent in society as the previous two.
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